Impaired use of nonverbal behaviours. Irregular innermost shankbone end part. Irregular innermost shinbone end part. Hunched back. Round back. Low hairline at back of neck. Low set ears. Lowset ears. Little lower jaw. Small jaw. Small lower jaw. Having too much body fat. Recurrent middle ear infection.
Receding chin. Receding lower jaw. Weak chin. Weak jaw. Previous menstrual periods stop. Shortened 4th long bone of hand. Shortened 5th long bone of hand.
Thickened skin folds of neck. Thickened skin over the neck. Neck webbing. Abnormal fingernails. Abnormality of the fingernails. Abnormal dentition. Abnormal teeth. Dental abnormality. Hair loss. An opening in the wall separating the top two chambers of the heart.
Hole in heart wall separating two upper heart chambers. Attention deficit. Attention deficit disorder. Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. Attention deficits. Atypical scarring. Aortic valve has two leaflets rather than three. Narrowing of aorta. Narrowing of the aorta. Abnormal kidney location. Displaced kidney. Eye folds.
Prominent eye folds. Horseshoe kidneys. Elevated lipids in blood. Swelling caused by excess lymph fluid under skin. Heart attack. Close sighted. Near sighted. Near sightedness. Funnel chest. Flat feet. Flat foot. Drooping upper eyelid. Short toes. Stubby toes. Squint eyes. Noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Type 2 diabetes. Type II diabetes. Blotchy loss of skin color. Tear in inner wall of large artery that carries blood away from heart.
Scar tissue replaces healthy tissue in the liver. Underdeveloped left heart. Do you have more information about symptoms of this disease?
We want to hear from you. Do you have updated information on this disease? Cause Cause. Turner syndrome is caused by a female having one normal X chromosome in each of her cells , while the other sex chromosome is either missing or structurally abnormal. Females without Turner syndrome have 2 full X chromosome in all of their cells, and males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
The missing genetic material affects development before and after birth. Most females with Turner syndrome are missing the second sex chromosome in all of their cells. This is also referred to as having monosomy X. This form results from a random error in an egg or sperm cell prior to conception. Early consultation with a developmental pediatrician and screening for cognitive issues may help girls with Turner syndrome who have learning problems.
A special set of tests called psychoeducational evaluation can identify specific problems. A girl's doctor can help decide whether this testing is right for her. It's important to assess a girl's intellectual, learning, motor skills, and social maturity before kindergarten. If learning problems are found, early preventive and intervention strategies can help.
Girls with Turner syndrome might have specific medical problems and different physical characteristics. But you can help your daughter develop daily living skills and cope with new or challenging situations. Note: Height-related issues may be less important to girls who have improved growth with growth hormone treatment. Turner syndrome can affect your daughter in many ways, but it's only a small part of who she is.
If needed, get help and support from her doctor, developmental pediatrician, or other medical specialists and mental health providers. Reviewed by: Judith L. Ross, MD. Larger text size Large text size Regular text size. What Is Turner Syndrome? What Causes Turner Syndrome?
Turner syndrome TS is the result of a chromosomal abnormality. These can include: "webbing" of the skin of the neck extra folds of skin extending from the tops of the shoulders to the sides of the neck a low hairline at the back of the head low-set ears unusual eye features, including drooping of the eyelids altered bone development, especially the bones of the hands and elbows a lack of breast development at the expected age usually by age 13 irregular periods or no periods amenorrhea a larger than usual number of moles on the skin What Problems Can Happen?
How Is Turner Syndrome Diagnosed? How Is Turner Syndrome Treated? Girls inherit one X chromosome from each parent. In girls who have Turner syndrome, one copy of the X chromosome is missing, partially missing or altered.
The missing or altered X chromosome of Turner syndrome causes errors during fetal development and other developmental problems after birth — for example, short stature, ovarian insufficiency and heart defects. Physical characteristics and health complications that arise from the chromosomal error vary greatly. The loss or alteration of the X chromosome occurs randomly. Sometimes, it's because of a problem with the sperm or the egg, and other times, the loss or alteration of the X chromosome happens early in fetal development.
Family history doesn't seem to be a risk factor, so it's unlikely that parents of one child with Turner syndrome will have another child with the disorder.
Turner syndrome can affect the proper development of several body systems, but varies greatly among individuals with the syndrome. Complications that can occur include:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products.
Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. A deletion may occur sporadically not inherited or it may be inherited from a parent.
Mosaic Turner syndrome when some cells have one X chromosome and some have two sex chromosomes is caused by a random error in early fetal development shortly after conception.
It is still unclear exactly which genes on the X chromosome are associated with each feature of Turner syndrome. A missing copy of this gene is thought to result in the short stature and skeletal abnormalities in many affected women. References References. Turner syndrome. Genetics Home Reference. Share this content:. Close Copy Link. You May Be Interested In. How to Find a Disease Specialist. Tips for the Undiagnosed.
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